使用Elasticsearch做关键字自动补全--completion suggester

2020-12-18 00:03:46 编辑 0 阅读量:972

搜索引擎的自动补全，本文基于搜索历史进行补全，适用于拥有大量数据的搜索引擎。在ElasticSearch中可以使用Completion Suggester实现。

首先创建基于jcseg插件的自动补全mapping：
```
curl -XPUT http://localhost:9200/website
curl -XPOST http://localhost:9200/website/suggest/_mapping -d'
{
  "suggest": {
    "properties": {
      "tag": {
        "type": "string",
        "analyzer": "jcseg_complex"
      },
      "tag_suggest": {
        "type": "completion",
        "analyzer": "jcseg_complex"
      },
	  "pinyin": {
	    "type": "completion",
		"analyzer": "whitespace"
	  }
    }
  }
}'
```
插入测试数据：
```
curl -XPUT "http://localhost:9200/website/suggest/3" -d'{
    "tag":["梭织","蕾丝","汗布","针织","毛呢"],
    "tag_suggest":{
        "input":["梭织","蕾丝","汗布","针织","毛呢"]
    }
}'

curl -XPUT "http://localhost:9200/website/suggest/4" -d'{
    "tag":["绒布","牛仔布","罗纹","网眼","平板布"],
    "tag_suggest":{
        "input":["绒布","牛仔布","罗纹","网眼","平板布"]
    }
}'
curl -XPUT "http://localhost:9200/website/suggest/4" -d'{
    "tag":["蕾丝布","蕾丝网"],
    "tag_suggest":{
        "input":["蕾丝布","蕾丝网"]
    }
}'
```
最后通过_suggest对Completion Suggester数据进行搜索:
```
curl -XPOST "http://localhost:9200/website/_suggest" -d'
{
    "suggest-suggest": {
    "text": "蕾丝",
    "completion": {
      "field": "tag_suggest",
      "size": 10 //返回结果数量
      }
    }
}'
```
其中suggest-suggest中第一个suggest代表当前索引文档的type，^_^，比较懒，不想改type名了。

如果结果返回：
```
{
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "suggest_suggest": [
    {
      "text": "蕾丝",
      "offset": 0,
      "length": 2,
      "options": [
        {
          "text": "蕾丝",
          "score": 1
        },
        {
          "text": "蕾丝布",
          "score": 1
        },
        {
          "text": "蕾丝网",
          "score": 1
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
```
恭喜你，自动补全功能即已实现。

如果要使用拼音的话，可以多添加几个字段，然后再按权重排行来列
但是，需要注意的是，completion由于自身的设计，是**只支持前缀查询**的，所以如果搜`丝网`是没有任何结果的。

---
参考：
- [1][请教使用elasticsearch-analysis-pinyin分词实现suggest字段关键字自动补全问题 ](https://elasticsearch.cn/question/1035)
- [2][Elasticsearch自动补全/联想搜索](http://blog.csdn.net/xsdxs/article/details/52667794)
- [3][ElasticSearch 自动补全实现](http://blog.csdn.net/xsdxs/article/details/52667794)
- [4][Elasticsearch - edgeNGram自动补全](http://blog.csdn.net/xifeijian/article/details/51167786)
- [5][我想用这个拼音插件做完成建议（completion suggester），请问应该如何配置呢？ #91](https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-pinyin/issues/91)

使用Elasticsearch做关键字自动补全--completion suggester

附件: